This is the simplest examination of male fertility, which is carried out under a microscope. Thanks to this examination, the number, mobility and shape of the sperm itself are monitored. The properties of the ejaculate such as viscosity, colour, rate of liquefaction or Ph are also detected.

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The course of the examination:

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We recommend 2- 3 days of sexual abstinence before collection, to obtain the most optimal result. The collection takes place in a designated room in our clinic. In exceptional cases it is possible to collect the sample at your home, it is necessary to deliver it to the clinic within one hour after the collection. At our clinic you will be presented with a sterile container in which the ejaculate will be stored (at room temperature) for the duration of the transfer to the clinic. However, for optimal results, we recommend that the collection is performed at our clinic.

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For the results of the spermogram, you can come in the day after the collection. Your results will be handed to you at the reception desk upon presentation of your ID.

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Diagnosis of male infertility is standardized by the World Health Organization (WHO 2010), where a spermogram (SPG) with diagnosis of sperm morphology is classified as the basic examination in a man. This is the very primary examination of the couple and there is no point in carrying out any other examinations especially in a woman unless the result of the partner's SPG is known. We are the only one in Slovakia to have introduced a standardized semen analysis, which we perform in accordance with WHO (2010) using a PC analyzer "MedeaLab CASA".

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Advantages of the system:

• Objectification of SPG assessment (sperm concentration, motility and morphology)
• SPG result generation in seconds
• recording and storing each SPG result for possible re-analysis of the sample or comparison with the next test

In some men, the quality of sperm deteriorates due to a poor lifestyle. These may then be unable to reach the egg or have a limited ability to penetrate the egg and fertilise it.

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But other factors can also reduce a man's fertility:

• such as genetic load,
• immune response,
• hormone production disorder,
• obstruction of the outlets,
• inability to ejaculate,
• inflammatory diseases of the male genital tract, etc.

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Thus, male fertility is primarily dependent on the quality, number and movement of sperm.

Under the influence of stress, the environment, medication or free radicals, the production and quality of sperm is significantly affected. Sometimes to such an extent that the DNA (genetic material) of the sperm is damaged to such an extent that it reduces the likelihood of fertilization of the egg and proper division of the embryo, failure of the embryo to nest in the uterus and frequent spontaneous abortions. The solution to this problem is to examine the chromatin integrity (DNA fragmentation) of sperm.

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Who is this examination for?

• for couples where no other cause of infertility has been confirmed
• for those who have undergone repeated IVF cycles - without success
• for couples with recurrent spontaneous miscarriages, missed miscarriages or biochemical pregnancies
• for couples where the partner has been treated for varicocele
• for couples where repeatedly elevated leukocyte values are found in the partner's spermogram

In the absence of sperm in the ejaculate, it is possible to obtain them surgically directly from the testicles and epididymis of the man.

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MESA (Micro Epididymal Sperm Aspiration) - microsurgical epididymal sperm aspiration directly from the epididymis of a man, in case of a violation of sperm transport between the epididymis and the urethra and in the case when sperm accumulate in the epididymis after the closure of the fallopian tube.

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TESE (Testicular Sperm Extraction) - testicular sperm extraction, i.e. the extraction of sperm directly from the testicles, the extracted tissue is processed in the laboratory, evaluating the presence of sperm. The sperm obtained is used to fertilise the partner's oocytes using the ICSI method or the sperm is frozen.